Module 3: How Blockchains and Transactions Work

Gas, nonces, finality, Layer 2 rollups, bridges, MEV, and oracles. What actually happens between clicking confirm and your transaction settling.

  1. 1. The Life of a Transaction · about 7 min
  2. 2. Gas and Fees on Ethereum · about 6 min
  3. 3. Bitcoin Fees and the UTXO Model · about 6 min
  4. 4. The Mempool, Nonces, and Stuck Transactions · about 6 min
  5. 5. Blocks, Confirmations, and Finality · about 6 min
  6. 6. Reading a Block Explorer Like a Professional · about 6 min
  7. 7. The Scaling Problem · about 5 min
  8. 8. Layer 2 Networks and Rollups · about 7 min
  9. 9. Other Scaling Approaches · about 5 min
  10. 10. Bridges and Moving Between Chains · about 6 min
  11. 11. MEV, the Invisible Tax · about 6 min
  12. 12. Oracles, How Blockchains Learn About the World · about 6 min
  13. 13. How Decentralised Is It, Really? · about 6 min